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Showing posts with label Bank : Basic and Other Concepts. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Bank : Basic and Other Concepts. Show all posts

Thursday, June 17, 2010

Reversing Overdraft Fees - What You Need To Do

If you are paying at least one overdraft fee per month, you are probably feeling rather frustrated. The average bank overdraftfee these days is around $30, so just three overdrafts will cost you $90! And, that is pure profit for your bank. In fact, U.S. banks made about $28 billion last year in overdraft fee-based income alone.



Having to pay overdraft fees seems like it would be purely the domain of the irresponsible banking customer. Not necessarily so! Even people who take constant pains to balance theirchecking accounts can find themselves coming up short.



Common Pitfalls for Bank Customers



Bank customers today face a number of potential pitfalls when as the navigate their banking life. Here are some of the main pitfalls that bank customers face that can result in more overdraft fees:



1. Overdraft protection programs:

Most people do not realize that they are enrolled in an overdraft protection program. That's because most banks automatically enroll people in these programs when they sign up for a new checking account. Put simply: participating in these programs enables the bank to cover any charges that exceed the balance of the account. But, the customer must pay a hefty overdraft fee - often multiple fees in the same day - every time this happens.



2. Debit cards:

In terms of the history of modern banking, debit cards are a relatively recent phenomenon. And, they are a great convenience. However, when combined with overdraft protection programs, they can also be quite costly. Reason: your bank will not reject a pending debit charge if your balance is too low. Rather, it will honor the charge, and then automatically charge you an overdraft fee. This fact makes overdraft protection programs anddebit cards a deadly combination.



3. Confusing online bank statements:

Even for those who try diligently to track their balances online in order to avoid overdrafts, it is not so easy. That is because the way the major banks display your account information, including current balance amount, can be very misleading. For example, a check that already shows as having cleared your account may have not yet been deducted from your balance. This can give the false impression that the balance is larger than it actually is - increasing the risk of overdrawing the account.


4. Transaction stacking practiced by banks:

Most big banks have admitted to participating in something called "transaction stacking." This is where they deliberately process the transactions of higher amounts first, then the lower ones - regardless of the order they were made on a given day. This practice increases the chances that you will end up with a negative account balance after a day of shopping.



Reversing Overdraft Fees

You may have recently noticed an overdraft fee on your account. If you are interested in reversing overdraft fees, here is what you need to do:


1. Take the time to get the facts straight about what happened, including the transaction date, amount and vendor name for the charge that caused the overdraft.


2. Be polite to the bank rep: he or she is just a person like you working for a large bank. They will be much more likely to agree to reverse your charge if you are polite.


3. If you don't succeed in getting the fee reversed on the phone, try writing a letter and sending it to the headquarters office. Sometimes, putting everything in writing will show the bank you are sincere in your desire to get the charge reversed.


Whether or not you are successful at reversing your overdraft charges, just the time it takes you to lodge a complaint is costing you money. In the end, the best solution for you may be to switch to a bank that does not charge overdraft fees - even when you overdraw your account.

Tuesday, June 8, 2010

CD Rates

A certificate of deposit (CD) is a fixed-deposit investment option offered by banks and lending institutions. It offers higher interest rates than conventional savings accounts because it requires investors to deposit funds for a specified term ranging from one month to more than five years. However, like savings accounts, CDs are a secure form of investment, as they are insured by government agencies. In the US, CDs issued by banks and worth up to $100,000 are insured by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

How Certificates of Deposit (CD) Work?

A person can buy a certificate of deposit (CD) by depositing the minimum requisite amount. In general, the higher the deposited amount, the better will be the interest rate offered on it. The buyer of a CD receives a written declaration or certificate where the applicable interest rate, term of deposit and date of maturity are stated.

At the time of maturity, buyers are entitled to receive the principle amount and the interest earned. In order to encourage buyers to maintain their long-term investment, banking institutions levy heavy penalties on the early withdrawal of the amount deposited in a CD. The penalty can be in the form of either the interest earned over six months or an overall reduction in the interest rate.

Banking institutions have introduced a ladder CD, which provides investors the flexibility of receiving the principal amount in installments. This enables people to invest money in other high-interest alternatives.

Tips to Buying a Certificate of Deposit (CD)

The following tips can help you decide on a certificate of deposit:

· Consider your financial goals: The basic recipe for a successful investment is a clear vision of your financial target and risk appetite. Apart from CDs, there are various options for diversifying yourinvestment portfolio, such as saving deposits and treasury bills. Consider all available options before making a decision. Typically, CDs offer a fixed interest rate for the entire term of the investment. Thus, the biggest risk factor in opting for a CD is inflation, which can erode the purchasing power of the total returns from this investment option.



· Consider the maturity time: You money will be locked till the CD matures. So, ensure that you do not need the funds.

· Consider the rate of interest: Confirm whether the CD offers a simple or a compounded rate of interest. In case it is a compounded rate, find out whether it is compounded quarterly or annually.

· Check whether the CD is callable: Banking institutions reserve the right to call a CD, if the prevailing interest rates are at record low levels. In such a situation, you will receive the entire principal amount in addition to the interest accrued till the CD is called off. To continue your investment, you would have to buy a new CD at the lower interest rate.

· Confirm the penalty for early withdrawal: Make sure you understand the penalty levied by the issuing bank for withdrawing your funds prior to the maturity period.

Before buying the CD, it is important to carefully read all the terms and conditions of the investment. Remember to ask questions from the issuing bank and check the answers with an unbiased source.

How to Get the Best CD Rates?

Here are some tips to get the best CD rates:

· Acquire information on the national average CD rate for a specific period. Always buy a CD that is offering a higher interest rate than the national average.

· Compare CD rates from different financial institutions, such as banks and thrift institutions. Opt for one that is offering a higher rate.

· Many banks offer discounted CD rates for special holding periods. For example, a bank may offer higher interest on a ten-month CD than it does on a 12-month CD.

· Opt for longer-term CDs to maximize earnings.

CDs offer insured and guaranteed returns on the deposited money. However, consider your current financial requirements and investment targets before deciding on the term of the CD.

Certificate of Deposit (CD)

A certificate of deposit (CD) is a fixed-deposit investment option offered by banks and lending institutions. It offers higher interest rates than conventional savings accounts because it requires investors to deposit funds for a specified term ranging from one month to more than five years. However, like savings accounts, CDs are a secure form of investment, as they are insured by government agencies. In the US, CDs issued by banks and worth up to $100,000 are insured by Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).

How Certificates of Deposit (CD) Work?

A person can buy a certificate of deposit (CD) by depositing the minimum requisite amount. In general, the higher the deposited amount, the better will be the interest rate offered on it. The buyer of a CD receives a written declaration or certificate where the applicable interest rate, term of deposit and date of maturity are stated.

At the time of maturity, buyers are entitled to receive the principle amount and the interest earned. In order to encourage buyers to maintain their long-term investment, banking institutions levy heavy penalties on the early withdrawal of the amount deposited in a CD. The penalty can be in the form of either the interest earned over six months or an overall reduction in the interest rate.

Banking institutions have introduced a ladder CD, which provides investors the flexibility of receiving the principal amount in installments. This enables people to invest money in other high-interest alternatives.

Tips to Buying a Certificate of Deposit (CD)

The following tips can help you decide on a certificate of deposit:

· Consider your financial goals: The basic recipe for a successful investment is a clear vision of your financial target and risk appetite. Apart from CDs, there are various options for diversifying yourinvestment portfolio, such as saving deposits and treasury bills. Consider all available options before making a decision. Typically, CDs offer a fixed interest rate for the entire term of the investment. Thus, the biggest risk factor in opting for a CD is inflation, which can erode the purchasing power of the total returns from this investment option.



· Consider the maturity time: You money will be locked till the CD matures. So, ensure that you do not need the funds.

· Consider the rate of interest: Confirm whether the CD offers a simple or a compounded rate of interest. In case it is a compounded rate, find out whether it is compounded quarterly or annually.

· Check whether the CD is callable: Banking institutions reserve the right to call a CD, if the prevailing interest rates are at record low levels. In such a situation, you will receive the entire principal amount in addition to the interest accrued till the CD is called off. To continue your investment, you would have to buy a new CD at the lower interest rate.

· Confirm the penalty for early withdrawal: Make sure you understand the penalty levied by the issuing bank for withdrawing your funds prior to the maturity period.

Before buying the CD, it is important to carefully read all the terms and conditions of the investment. Remember to ask questions from the issuing bank and check the answers with an unbiased source.

Finance Banking, Financial Banking

Finance banking is the science of managing money and other assets pertaining to a specific business. Finance banking involves banking operations such as money management and investment. Other facets of financial banking include safeguarding deposits, generating funds and lending money.

Financial Banking: The Concept

Financial banking is central to modern economies. Banks offer advice and transactions on financial instruments such as private equity, bonds and mutual funds. Financial services are also offered by banks and other financial institutions, including credit unions, trust companies, mortgage loan companies, insurance companies, pension funds, brokerage firmsand asset management firms.

Technologies Used in Finance Banking

The expansion of finance banking can be attributed to the growing use of technological tools like debit, credit and ATM cards. The Internet has paved the way for e-banking. It is possible to post queries and find advice online. Finance software is also available for investorsand traders to track their goals on a weekly or monthly basis.

Basic Services Offered by Finance Banking

The basic services of finance banking industries include the issuing of funds in the form of coins, banknotes, debit-cards and ATMs. Most banks also offer some subsidiary financial services such as lending money, issuing bonds and certificates of deposit (CDs) and processing financial transactions to enhance their profits.

Basic Facilities of Finance Banking

Loan: This represents the money that is lent for a specific period. A loan is given with a condition that the borrower will repay the amount along with requisite interest in due time.

Mortgage: This is a temporary pledge of property offered in lieu of a loan. In mortgage, the debtor is obligated to repay the debt within a specific period. Mortgages are normally used by individuals and businesses establishments.

Credit card: Credit cards or ‘plastic’ are used to purchase products or services without paying any cash upfront, but the amount being repaid to the card issuer at a later date. Finance and banking organizations typically charge high rates of interest on any late payments on credit card bills.

Debit card: Debit cards are similar to credit cards except in that the purchase amount of any transaction is debited immediately from the card holder’s account.


Bank Rates, Bank Interest Rate, Bank Deposit Rates

A bank rate is the interest rate that is charged by a country’s central or federal bank on loans and advances to control money supply in the economy and the banking sector. This is typically done on a quarterly basis to control inflation and stabilize the country’s exchange rates. A fluctuation in bank rates triggers a ripple-effect as it impacts every sphere of a country’s economy. For instance, the prices in stock markets tend to react to interest rate changes. A change in bank rates affects customers as it influences prime interest rates for personal loans.

Types of Bank Rates

Here are the different types of monetary instruments on which financial institutions offer the following bank rates:

Savings account bank rate: Modest rates are charged on funds that are deposited in the savings accounts. However, investors have high flexibility in withdrawing the deposits.

Certificates of deposit (CD) bank rate: These offer comparatively high interest rates compared to savings accounts. Bank rates on CDs are determined by the term period of a deposit and the current economic situation. The longer the term of a CD, the higher will be the bank interest rate.

Money-market funds bank rate: The interest rate on money-market funds is relatively low. As most of the money market accounts are privately insured, it is a secure method of investment. Deposits in a money market account generate interest through short-term investments.

How to Find Information about Bank Interest Rates

Here are some reliable websites where buyers can find the latest information on bank interest rates:

Bankrate.com is a website that provides comprehensive information on interest rates for various financial products like savings accounts, CDs, loans, mortgages and credit cards.

Bankaholic.com is another site that contains data and necessary information about interest rates in the US banks. It lets users search and compare interest rates for CDs, savings accounts and money market accounts spanning various financial institutions.

Another site called Moneyaisle.com enables participating financial institutions to bid and offer the best rates. As the live auction takes off, users can watch these bidding rounds and choose the institution that he/she wants to invest in.


Monetary Policy

Introduction
In mid 90s the thrust of monetary policy was to reduce the annual inflation rate and provide credit support for production. Money supply (M3) was reduced considerably, mainly because of a slow growth in bank deposits and a decline in the growth of reserve money.

Slow growth
Another major factor in controlling this growth was the lower level of foreign exchange inflows. Slower monetary growth was accompanied by lower bank credit to the commercial sector. These trends were compounded by a decline in other sources of finance to industry, such as primary issues in the domestic stock market and GDR issues in Euro markets.

Other reasons
Funds raised from capital markets declined and the amount raised through Euro issue loans also fell down nearly 70 percent over the same period. Continued high levels of government borrowing associated with a large and over-budget fiscal deficit kept money markets tight throughout the period. This in turn put increasing pressure on interest rates.

Monetary Growth
Despite falling inflation, real rates faced by industry remained high, and the prime lending rate of most of the banks was 16.5 percent. Based on an inflation rate of 6 percent and projected GDP growth of 6.6 percent for 1996-97, monetary growth had been targeted at 15.5-16 percent for 1996-97.

RBI measures
The RBI reduced banks' cash reserve requirements by one percentage point, freed bank deposit interest rates of over one year term and shortened the minimum term for deposits from 46 days to 30 days. It also withdrew a refinancing facility for banks' investments in government securities. These steps were to add the equivalent of USD 1.2 billion to the banking sector. Short-term call money market rates of interest and forward premiums on the dollar have dropped sharply.

Response
While financial and industry sources have welcomed the liquidity-easing measures, they remain worried at the rigidity of high lending rates of interest and suspect that the Government will soon absorb this new bank liquidity by increasing Government borrowing from the market.

Growth of M3
Growth in broad money (M3) in 1997-98 registered an increase, higher than the RBI's growth target. The increase was due to a substantial expansion of domestic credit to the government and the business sector, and an increase in net foreign exchange assets. Bank credit to business increased, net RBI credit to the government increased and strong foreign exchange inflows during the first half of 1997-98 coupled with sluggish credit creation ensured that the money market was awash with liquidity. Banks investment in government securities increased by 17.7 percent in 1997-98, and non-food credit to business increased by 14.2 percent.

Credit policy
The credit policy for April-October 1998, aimed to accelerate industrial investment and output, keep inflation under control, continue financial sector reforms, reduce interest rates and improve credit availability to meet business requirements. Key reference rates were reduced by one percentage point each, sending a strong signal that commercial banks should lower interest rates for commercial borrowers. Banks responded by reducing prime lending rates to 13 percent. The Cash Reserve Ratio requirement was left unchanged at 10 percent.

Under the new credit policy, FIIs were allowed to invest up to 30 percent of their assets in treasury bills, and banks were given freedom to fix penalties on premature withdrawal of deposits. In January 1998, the rupee hit a low of Rs 40.45/ dollar, due in large part to concerns about the Asian currency crisis.

RBI measures
The RBI adopted a number of measures that stopped the rupee's slide and actually led to some appreciation. These measures included an increase in banks' cash reserve ratio and an increase in the RBI's bank rate. Once the rupee had stabilized, the RBI announced a two-phase rollback of the bank rate to 10 percent, and of the CRR to 10 percent. In both cases, the first phase was to be effective from late March and the second in early April. The interest rate on short-term domestic deposits was also deregulated and banks were allowed to set different prime lending rates.

Fact Files of Banks in India

The first, the oldest, the largest, the biggest, get all such types of informations about Banking in India in this section.

The first bank in India to be given an ISO CertificationCanara Bank
The first bank in Northern India to get ISO 9002 certification for their selected branchesPunjab and Sind Bank
The first Indian bank to have been started solely with Indian capitalPunjab National Bank
The first among the private sector banks in Kerala to become a scheduled bank in 1946 under the RBI ActSouth Indian Bank
India's oldest, largest and most successful commercial bank, offering the widest possible range of domestic, international and NRI products and services, through its vast network in India and overseasState Bank of India
India's second largest private sector bank and is now the largest scheduled commercial bank in IndiaThe Federal Bank Limited
Bank which started as private shareholders banks, mostly Europeans shareholdersImperial Bank of India
The first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974Bank of India, founded in 1906 in Mumbai
The oldest Public Sector Bank in India having branches all over India and serving the customers for the last 132 yearsAllahabad Bank
The first Indian commercial bank which was wholly owned and managed by IndiansCentral Bank of India

Bank of India was founded in 1906 in Mumbai. It became the first Indian bank to open a branch outside India in London in 1946 and the first to open a branch in continental Europe at Paris in 1974.